#include <iostream>

class A {
    private:
        int val;

    public:
        A() : val(0) {
            std::cout << "A()" << std::endl;
        }

        ~A() {
            std::cout << "~A() | val: " << val << std::endl;
        }

        A(const A& a) : val(a.val) {
            std::cout << "A(const A& a) | a.val: " << a.val << std::endl;
        }

        A(int v) : val(v) {
            std::cout << "A(int v) | v: " << v << std::endl;
        }

        A& operator =(const A& a) {
            std::cout << "operator =(const A& a) | a.val: " << a.val << std::endl;

            val = a.val;

            return *this;
        }

        A& operator =(int v) {
            std::cout << "operator =(int v) | v: " << v << std::endl;

            val = v;

            return *this;
        }

        operator int() const {
            std::cout << "operator int() const | return: " << val << std::endl;

            return val;
        }
};

int main() {
    std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
    A a = 1;
    const A& ra = a > 0 ? a : A(7);
    std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
    a = 2;
    std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
    std::cout << a << std::endl << ra << std::endl;
    std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
}