ZSL (qcom) – zero shutter lag – keeps full resolution frame buffer to utilize it in the moment of pressing the shutter button
ZSD (mtk) – zero shutter delay – same
ZSL60 – colloquial term for ZSL working at 60 fps. As of Q1 2019, still pretty rare.

3A – AE, AF, AWB

AE – Auto Exposure
AF – Auto Focus
AWB – Auto White Balance

CFA – color filter array on the sensor, typically Bayer
QCFA – Quad CFA, Quad Bayer (Sony) – every color pixel is splitted in four same color pixels, to achieve HDR enhancements, higher maximum resolution while preserving possibility of simple binning, or just a result of production process

LSC – lens shading correction

SPC – shielded pixel correction, needed for PDAF pixels, applied through gain or interpolation

HAL3 – common term for Camera HAL version 3

MFNR – multi frame noise reduction

TNR – temporal noise reduction

2PD, dual PD – Dual Pixel – every photodiode is splitted in half, so each part can be used to calculate phase data, due to being under a single microlens

Binning – bin – combining of multiple pixel signal into one. Typically, 2x1, 1x2, 2x2 modes are available. Can be analog or digital. Often results in higher framerate availability

NR – noise reduction

NS – Google's Night Sight of gcam

LE – long exposure time

BL – black level – the minimum level of noise, dependant on temperature, gain, etc., needs to be (preferably automatically) corrected to avoid color drift

ADC – analog to digital converter

P3 AWB (Google) – the machine learning type of auto white balance algorithm, heavily removes the tint, implemented with Pixel 3 Night Sight and HDR+ Enhanced

LR – Lightroom application

CRA – Chief Ray Angle

DPC – Defect Pixel Correction

I2C – Inter-Integrated Circuit (= serial bus description)

MIPI – Mobile Industry Processor Interface

OTP – One Time Programmable ROM

Register – a small amount of storage in digital processor, used to commend the sensor

Frame length lines – the length of frame

Line length PCK – the length of line

zzHDR – zigzag HDR

CIT – coarse integration time

CCM – color correction matrix