documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
usepackage{color}
usepackage[turkish]{babel}
usepackage{graphicx}
usepackage{tabularx}
usepackage{multirow}
usepackage{graphicx}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
begin{figure}
  includegraphics[width=3cm, height=4cm]{2.pdf}
end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

documentclass{article}

usepackage{graphicx}

begin{document}

begin{figure}
  includegraphics[width=3cm, height=4cm]{1.jpg}
end{figure}

end{document}

documentclass{article}

usepackage[turkish]{babel}
usepackage{graphicx}

begin{document}

usepackage[turkish,shorthands=:!]{babel}