0 -> 0
1 -> 2
9 -> 6
85 -> 170
220 -> 236
1827 -> 2835
47525 -> 30298

b4d2UFḄ

b4d2UFḄ  Main link. Argument: n (integer)

b4       Convert n to base 4.
  d2     Divmod each quaternary digit x by 2, yielding [x : 2, x % 2].
    U    Upend; reverse each pair, yielding [x % 2, x : 2].
     F   Flatten the 2D list of binary digits.
      Ḅ  Convert from binary to integer.

n   = o + 2*e
n   = ...hgfedcba
o   = ...0g0e0c0a
2*e = ...h0f0d0b0

s   = 2*o + e
s   = ...ghefcdab
2*o = ...g0e0c0a0
e   = ...0h0f0d0b

s=2*(n-2*e)+e = 2*n-3*e

n/2     = ...hgfedcb
M       = ...1010101
n/2 & M = ...h0f0d0b = e

ri4b4e!2=f=4b

ri  e# Read input and convert to integer.
4b  e# Get base-4 digits.
4e! e# Push all permutations of [0 1 2 3].
2=  e# Select the third one which happens to be [0 2 1 3].
f=  e# For each base-4 digit select the value at that position in the previous
    e# list, which swaps 1s and 2s.
4b  e# Convert back from base 4.

iXjQ4S2)4

jQ4      Convert the input (Q) to base 4.
 X   S2)   Translate [1, 2] to [2, 1].
i       4  COnvert from base 4 to integer.

(n,m=0x55555555)=>n*2&~m|n/2&m

(n,m=0x55555555)=>(n*2&~m|n/2&m)>>>0

n=>parseInt(n.toString(4).replace(/1|2/g,n=>3-n),4)

n4÷axxn4÷xxe+3120

n4÷axxn4÷xxe+3120
                0  a(0) = 0
               2   a(1) = 2
              1    a(2) = 1
             3     a(3) = 3

n                  push n (input)
 4÷                integer-divide by 4
   a               a(n/4)
    xx             double twice; multiply by 4
                   now we have 4a(n/4)
      n            push n (input)
       4÷xx        integer-divide by 4 and then multiply by 4
                   since there is no modulo currently, n%4
                   is built as n-(n/4*4)
           e       we should have done a(n-(n/4*4)), but this
                   is a shortcut for a(n-x) where x is the top
                   of stack. Therefore, we now have a(n-n/4*4)
                   which is a(n%4).
            +      add.

BP2eP1ePXB

B     % Take input implicitly. Convert to binary array
P     % Flip
2e    % Convert to two-row 2D array, padding with a trailing zero if needed.
      % Because of the previous flip, this really corresponds to a leading zero
P     % Flip each column. This corresponds to swapping the bits
1e    % Reshape into a row
P     % Flip, to undo the initial flipping
XB    % Convert from binary array to number. Display implicitly

0000000000000040 <onemask_even>:
  40:   89 f8                   mov    eax,edi
  42:   25 55 55 55 55          and    eax,0x55555555
  47:   29 c7                   sub    edi,eax
  49:   d1 ef                   shr    edi,1
  4b:   8d 04 47                lea    eax,[rdi+rax*2]
  4e:   c3                      ret
4f: <end>

unsigned onemask_even(unsigned x) {
  unsigned emask = ~0U/3;
  unsigned e = (x & emask);
  return e*2 + ((x - e) >> 1);
}

# since 0x55 has its low bit set, shifting it out the top of RAX will set CF
0000000000000000 <swap_bitpairs64>:
   0:   31 c0                   xor    eax,eax      ; old garbage in rax could end the loop early
0000000000000002 <swap_bitpairs64.loop>:
   2:   48 c1 e0 08             shl    rax,0x8
   6:   b0 55                   mov    al,0x55      ; set the low byte
   8:   73 f8                   jnc    2 <swap_bitpairs64.loop>  ; loop until CF is set
000000000000000a <swap_bitpairs64.rest_of_function_as_normal>:
 # 10 bytes, same as   mov  rax, 0x5555555555555555
 # rax = 0x5555...
   a:   48 21 f8                and    rax,rdi
   ...

<<<$[`tr 12 21<<<$[[#4]$1]`]

$1     input (first command line argument)
                 $[      ]    arithmetic expansion
                   [#4]       output in base 4
              <<<             pass the result of this to...
      tr                      the `tr' command
         12 21                and replace 1s with 2s, 2s with 1s
     `                    `   evaluate the result...
   $[                      ]  in another arithmetic expansion, to convert back
                                to base 10
<<<                           output the result on STDOUT

f(x){return(x&~0U/3)*3+x>>1;}                // 30 bit version, see below

// less golfed:
f(x){return ((x & 0x55555555)*3 + x) >>1;}   //  >> is lower precedence than +

g(x){return 2*x-3*(x/2U&~0U/3);}   // safe 32bit version, works for all x

n=>+('0b'+/(..)+$/.exec('0'+n.toString`2`)[0].split``.reduce((p,c)=>p.length-1?[p.join(c)]:[p[0],c],[''])[0],2)

n=>+('0b'+                              //parse as binary literal
    /(..)+$/.exec('0'+n.toString`2`)[0] //convert to binary string with an even number of digits
        .split``                        //convert to array
        .reduce((p,c)=>p.length-1?[p.join(c)]:[p[0],c],[''])
                                        //swap all numbers
)

T`12`21

T`12`21

4B12‡4ö

4B       - Take input and convert to base 4.
  12Â    - Push 12 bifurcated.
     ‡   - Transliterate [1, 2] to [2, 1].
      4ö - Convert to base 10.

4#.0 2 1 3{~4#.^:_1]

>> f =: 4#.0 2 1 3{~4#.^:_1]
>> f 85
<< 170

to_base   =: 4 #.^:_1 ]
transpose =: 0 2 1 3 {~ to_base
from_base =: 4 #. transpose

Fold[3#+##&,#~IntegerDigits~4/.{1->2,2->1}]&

4@¡"21""12"(t4@¿

4@¡"21""12"(t4@¿
4@¡               base 4 representation of n
   "21""12"(t     translate (swap 1s and 2s)
             4@¿  base 4 to decimal

([:,_2|.,&0)&.(|.@#:)

f =: ([:,_2|.,&0)&.(|.@#:)
   (,.f"0) 0 1 9 85 220 1827 47525
    0     0
    1     2
    9     6
   85   170
  220   236
 1827  2835
47525 30298

([:,_2|.,&0)&.(|.@#:)  Input: n
                   #:   Get the value as a list of base 2 digits
                |.@     Reverse it
(           )&.         Apply to the list of base 2 digits
         ,&0            Append a zero to the end of the list
    _2                 Split the list into nonoverlapping sublists of size 2
      |.                Reverse each sublist
 [:,                    Flatten the list of sublists into a list
             &.(    )   Apply the inverse of (reversed base 2 digits)
                        to convert back to a number and return it

n=x2b(d2x(arg(1)))
o=0
do while n>''
  parse var n a+1 b+1 n
  o=o||b||a
  end
say x2d(b2x(o))