var x = prompt("Enter Your character");
switch (x) {
    case 'a':
    case 'b':
    case 'c':
    case 'd':
    case 'e':
    case 'f':
    case 'g':
    case 'h':
    case 'i':
    case 'j':
    case 'k':
    case 'l':
    case 'm':
    case 'n':
    case 'o':
    case 'p':
    case 'q':
    case 'r':
    case 's':
    case 't':
    case 'u':
    case 'v':
    case 'w':
    case 'x':
    case 'y':
    case 'z':
        document.write("Lower case");
        break;
    case 'A':
    case 'B':
    case 'C':
    case 'D':
    case 'E':
    case 'F':
    case 'G':
    case 'H':
    case 'I':
    case 'J':
    case 'K':
    case 'L':
    case 'M':
    case 'N':
    case 'O':
    case 'P':
    case 'Q':
    case 'R':
    case 'T':
    case 'U':
    case 'V':
    case 'W':
    case 'X':
    case 'Y':
    case 'Z':
        document.write("Upper case");
        break;
    default:
        document.write("It is number");
        break;
}

var x = prompt("Enter Your character");
switch(x) {
    case x >= 'a'|| x <= 'z':
        document.write("Lower case");
        break;

    case x >= 'A' || x <= 'Z':
        document.write("Upper case");
        break;

    default:
        document.write("It is number");
        break;
}

<script>
var x=prompt("Enter Your character");

if (x.test(/[a-z]/)) {
document.write("Lower case");
} else if (x.test(/[A-Z]/)) {
document.write("Upper case");
} else {
document.write("It is number");
}
</script>

var x=prompt("Enter Your character");
if (x >= '0' && x <= '9')
    alert("number!");
else if(x >= 'a' && x <= 'z')
    alert("lowercase!");
else if(x >= 'A' && x <= 'Z')
    alert("uppercase!");
else
    alert("not a letter!");

if (x >= 'a' && x <= 'z') {
    document.write('Lower case');
} else if (x >= 'A' && x <= 'Z') {
    document.write('Upper case');
} else if (x >= '0' && x <= '9') {
    documennt.write('Number');
} else {
    document.write('Something else');
}