Camera obscura – Aristotle was under a tree observing a partial eclipse in 300BC. 19th century instrument. A dark box. Image enters through a hole and is reversed.
Elements of design
Line- vertical conveys height, horizontal suggest calmness. Diagonal energy. Zigzag confusion.
Value- range of light and darkness.
Shape- 2d geometric shapes show organization. Organic irregular shapes
Form- 3d shapes
Space- emptiness or area within objects. Negative space between positive shapes
Texture- the surface and feel of an object. Offers look and feel
Principles of design:
Unity/harmony-similar things that relate to each other
Repetition/rhythm- ability of image to move in pattern
Contrast- shows difference between elements within a photograph
Proportion- the relationship of size between or elements
Emphasis- the focus given to a specific part of a photo
Rule of composition
Rule of thirds- break image down into 9 squares, place subject on intersecting lines for balanced photo
Simplicity-  less distraction=better. Move close, change angles
Framing- look around for a natural frame for your photo
Leading lines- lines that lead to the main subject of photo
Horizons- avoid middle horizons. Place low to show sky. Place high to show land water, etc.
Light- natural light is good. Eye is drawn to lightest part of photo. Create impact with light
angles- give different point of view