#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class RationalNumber
{
    /*
     This class is designed to represent Rational Number objects.
     A rational number is a number of the form a/b with integers
     a and b such that b is different from 0.
     */
private:
    int a, b;
public:
    //Constructors
    RationalNumber();
    RationalNumber(const int&, const int&);

    //Getters
    int getNumerator() const;
    int getDenominator() const;

    //Setters
    void setNumerator(const int &num);
    void setDenominator(const int &denom);

    //Additional member functions
    double toDouble() const;
    void standardize();
    void reduce();
    void print() const;
    bool isEqual(const RationalNumber &r ) const;
    RationalNumber operator+( const RationalNumber &r) const;
    RationalNumber operator+( const int &x) const;
    friend RationalNumber operator+ ( const int&x, const RationalNumber &r);
};

//Constructors
RationalNumber::RationalNumber()
{
    //As a default object, let us construct 0/1 rational number
    a = 0;
    b = 1;
}

RationalNumber::RationalNumber(const int &num,const int &denom)
{
    //If the denominator parameter is 0, ignore it and use 1
    a = num;
    b = denom != 0 ? denom : 1;
    //Now that the object is created, standardize and reduce it
    standardize();
    reduce();
}

//Getters
int RationalNumber::getNumerator() const
{
    return a;
}
int RationalNumber::getDenominator() const
{
    return b;
}

//Setters
void RationalNumber::setNumerator(const int &num)
{
    a = num;
    //Now that numerator of an existing object is modified,
    //standardize it and reduce it
    standardize();
    reduce();
}
void RationalNumber::setDenominator(const int &denom)
{
    //If the denominator parameter is 0, ignore it and use 1
    b = denom != 0 ? denom : 1;
    //Now that denominator of an existing object is modified,
    //standardize it and reduce it
    standardize();
    reduce();
}

//Additional member functions
double RationalNumber::toDouble() const
{
    return static_cast<double>(a)/b;
}
void RationalNumber::standardize()
{
    if (b < 0)
    {
        a *= -1;
        b *= -1;
    }
}
void RationalNumber::reduce()
{
    if (a == 0)
    {
        b = 1;
        return;
    }
    else
    {
        //Remeber that the denominator is NEVER zero by design
        //Therefore here both numerator and denominator are non-zero.
        int m = abs(a);
        int n = abs(b);
        int gcd = m < n ? m : n;
        while (gcd > 0)
        {
            if (m % gcd == 0 && n % gcd == 0)
                break;
            gcd--;
        }
        a /= gcd;
        b /= gcd;
    }
}
void RationalNumber::print() const
{
    cout << a << "/" << b;
}
bool RationalNumber::isEqual (const RationalNumber &r)const
{
    int x=r.a;
    int y=r.getDenominator();

    if(a*y==b*x)
        return true;
    else
        return false;
}
RationalNumber RationalNumber::operator+ ( const RationalNumber &r)const
{
    int a1=this->a;
    int b1=this->b;
    int a2=r.a;
    int b2=r.b;
    // we would like to add(a1/b1) + (a2/b2) which is equal to (a1 b2+a2 b1)/b1b2
    RationalNumber answer(a1*b2+a2*b1,b1*b2);
    answer.standardize();
    answer.reduce();
    return answer;
}
RationalNumber RationalNumber::operator+( const int &x)const
{
    RationalNumber temp(x,1);
    return *this+temp;
}
RationalNumber operator+( const int &x, const RationalNumber &r)
{
    RationalNumber temp(r.a,r.b);
    return temp+x;
}
int main()
{
    //Test constructors
    RationalNumber *r1=new RationalNumber(2,3);
    RationalNumber r2=5+ *r1;

    cout<<" r1= ";r1->print();cout<<endl;
    cout<<" r2= ";r2.print();cout<<endl;


    system("Pause");
    return 0;
}