import unittest
from collections import namedtuple, defaultdict

# 6 possible colors
COLORS = set("ROYGBP")
Result = namedtuple("Result", ["exact_matches", "fuzzy_matches"])

def evaluate_matches(solution, guess):
    # validate_input(solution)
    # validate_input(guess)
    num_total_matches = count_total_matches(solution, guess)
    num_exact_matches = count_exact_matches(solution, guess)
    return Result(exact_matches=num_exact_matches, fuzzy_matches=num_total_matches - num_exact_matches)

def count_total_matches(solution, guess):
    # num_total_matches = 0
    count_solution = count_colors(solution)
    return sum([ min(num_color, count_solution[color]) for color, num_color in count_colors(guess).items() ])
    # for color, num_color in count_colors(guess).items():
    #     num_total_matches += min(num_color, count_solution[color])
    # return num_total_matches

def count_exact_matches(solution, guess):
    return sum([int(color_guess == color_solution) for color_guess, color_solution in zip(guess, solution)])

def validate_input(color_string):
    if not isinstance(color_string, str):
        raise ValueError("Should be string")

    if len(color_string) != 4:
        raise ValueError("Should be of length 4")

    if not (set(color_string) <= COLORS):
        raise ValueError("String contains an invalid color")

def count_colors(color_string):
    unique_colors = set(color_string)
    return defaultdict(int, dict([(color, count_occurrences_in_string(color_string, color)) for color in unique_colors]))

def count_occurrences_in_string(color_string, color):
    return sum([int(color_string[i] == color) for i in range(len(color_string))])

class TestMastermind(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_count_colors(self):
        self.assertEqual(count_colors("ROYY"), dict(R=1, O=1, Y=2))

    def xtest_validation(self):
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, evaluate_matches, "ROYG", "ROYX")

    def test_fuzzy_and_exact_match(self):
        solution = "ROYY"
        guesses = [
            ("OGGR", Result(exact_matches=0, fuzzy_matches=2)),
            ("ROYY", Result(exact_matches=4, fuzzy_matches=0)),
            ("YGGP", Result(exact_matches=0, fuzzy_matches=1)),
            ("YYGG", Result(exact_matches=0, fuzzy_matches=2)),
            ("ROOP", Result(exact_matches=2, fuzzy_matches=0)),
            ("YOOR", Result(exact_matches=1, fuzzy_matches=2)),
        ]
        for guess, result in guesses:
            self.assertEqual(evaluate_matches(solution, guess), result)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()