#include <cstdlib>  // for malloc and free
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
  // Buffer allocated on stack only requires a variable declaration
  // It will be deallocated as soon program goes out of scope, i.e exited
  int bufferOnStack[20];

  // Buffer allocated on heap requires a function call
  // * here is called integer pointer
  // It must be freed before exiting program otherwise the program will become vulnerable to memory leak
  int *bufferOnHeap1 = (int *)malloc(20); // memory allocation of 20 space
  int *bufferOnHeap2 = new int[20]; // memory allocation of 20 space

  // function to free heap chunk
  free(bufferOnHeap1);
  delete bufferOnHeap2;
}