The Spanish civil war or war in Spain, 3456 also known by the Spaniards as the Civil War by excellence,7 was a military conflict - which later would also have repercussions on an economic crisis - that was unleashed in Spain after the partial failure of the coup d'état of 17 and 18 July 1936 carried out by one part of the Army against the Government of the Second Republic. After the blockade of the Strait and the subsequent airlift which, thanks to the rapid collaboration of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, moved the rebel troops to peninsular Spain in the last weeks of July,89 a civil war began which would end on 1 April 1939 with the last part of the war signed by Francisco Franco, declaring his victory and establishing a dictatorship which would last until his death on 20 November 1975.

The war had multiple facets, including class struggle, war of religion, confrontation of opposing nationalisms, struggle between military dictatorship and republican democracy, between revolution and counterrevolution, between fascism and communism.10
The parties to the conflict are often referred to as the Republican side and the Uprising side:

The republican side was constituted around the Government, formed by the Popular Front, which in turn consisted of a coalition of republican parties - Republican Left and Republican Union - with the Spanish Socialist Workers Party, which had been joined by the Marxist-Leninists of the Communist Party of Spain and the POUM, the Syndicalist Party of anarchist origin and in Catalonia the left-wing nationalists headed by Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya. It was supported by the labour movement and the unions UGT and CNT, which also sought to carry out the social revolution. The Basque Nationalist Party had also opted for the Republican side, when the Republican Cortes were about to approve the Statute of Autonomy for the Basque Country.
The rebellious side, which called itself the "national side", was organised around part of the military high command, initially institutionalised in the National Defence Board replaced after the appointment of Francisco Franco as generalissimo and head of the State Government. Politically, it was made up of the fascist Spanish Falange, the Carlists, the Alfonsinos monarchists of Renovación Española and a large part of the voters of CEDA, the Regionalist League and other conservative groups.