documentclass[11pt, dvipdfmx]{article}
usepackage{tikz}
usetikzlibrary{calc}
newcommandtikzmark[1]{tikz[remember picture, baseline=(#1.base)] node[anchor=base,inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt] (#1) {#1};}

% This code from http://tex.stackexchange.com/q/55068/2693
tikzset{
    ncbar angle/.initial=90,
    ncbar/.style={
        to path=(tikztostart)
        -- ($(tikztostart)!#1!pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/ncbar angle}:(tikztotarget)$)
        -- ($(tikztotarget)!($(tikztostart)!#1!pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/ncbar angle}:(tikztotarget)$)!pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/ncbar angle}:(tikztostart)$)
        -- (tikztotarget)
    },
    ncbar/.default=0.5cm,
}

% Thanks to Paul Gessler adn Percusse for code improvement here
newcommand{arrow}[2]{begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]
draw[->,shorten >=3pt,shorten <=3pt] (#1.base) to [ncbar=arrowht] (#2.base);
end{tikzpicture}
setlength{arrowht}{0ex}
}
usepackage{gb4e}
% The following code modified from
% http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.tex.linguistics/1036
% This adds some extra space after the first line
newlength{arrowht}
setlength{arrowht}{0ex}
newcommand*cgdepthstrut{{vrule height 0pt depth arrowht width 0pt}}
renewcommandeachwordone{cgdepthstrutrmfamily}
renewcommandglt{vskip -topsep}
lettrans=glt
newcommandarrowex{setlength{arrowht}{2.5ex}ex}


begin{document}
begin{exe}
exlabel{scramble-det}
begin{xlist}
        arrowex
        gll
        ldots dat Jan tikzmark{een} auto gisteren tikzmark{t}  gekregen heeft.\
        ldots that John a car  yesterday t gotten has \
        ldots that John a car yesterday.
        arrow{t}{een}
end{xlist}
end{exe}

begin{exe}
exlabel{scramble-dets}
begin{xlist}
        ex
        gll
        ldots dat Jan een auto gisteren t gekregen heeft.\
        ldots that John a car  yesterday t gotten has \
        ldots that John a car yesterday.
end{xlist}
end{exe}

begin{exe}
ex[]{
    gll
    John-wa totetumonaiukurai baka-da.    \
    John-Top very stupid-cop \
    `John is very studip.'
}

ex[]{
    gll
    John-wa totetumonaiukurai dousiyoumonai tondemonai sukuigatai baka-da.    \
    John-Top very very very very stupid-cop \
    `John is very studip.'
}

arrowex[]{
    gll
    tikzmark{John}-wa totetumonaiukurai dousiyoumonai tondemonai sukuigatai  tikzmark{t} baka-da.    \
    John-Top very very very very stupid-cop \
    `John is very stupid.'
    arrow{t}{John}
}

end{exe}