documentclass{article}
% usepackage[english]{babel}
begin{document}
tableofcontents
section{foo}
begin{figure}[h]
centering
rule{1cm}{1cm}% placeholder for graphic
caption{A figure}
end{figure}
end{document}

renewcommand{figurename}{Fig.}
renewcommand{contentsname}{Table of Contents}

addtocaptionsenglish{%
  renewcommand{figurename}{Fig.}%
  renewcommand{contentsname}{Table of Contents}%
}

DefineBibliographyStrings{english}{%
  bibliography = {Works Cited},
  references = {Works Cited},
}

newcaptionname{language}{LaTeX name}{new content}   % new name
renewcaptionname{language}{LaTeX name}{new content} % renew existing name

renewcaptionname{ngerman}{contentsname}{Inhalt}           %Table of contents
renewcaptionname{ngerman}{listfigurename}{Abbildungen}    %Figures
renewcaptionname{ngerman}{listtablename}{Tabellen}        %Tables
renewcaptionname{ngerman}{figurename}{Abb.}               %Figure
renewcaptionname{ngerman}{tablename}{Tab.}                %Table
renewcaptionname{ngerman}{bibname}{Literatur}             %Bibliography
  newcaptionname{ngerman}{lstlistlistingname}{Quelltexte} %Table of listings
  newcaptionname{ngerman}{lstlistingname}{Quelltext}      %Listing

listfiles                  % to check if scrbase is loaded
documentclass{article}     % original class
usepackage{scrextend}      % allows some KOMA-Script features
usepackage[english]{babel} % needed for "blindtext"
usepackage{blindtext}      % to create dummy text

% renewcaptionname{english}{contentsname}{Contents of ``Blindtext''} % renaming in KOMA-Script

begin{document}
tableofcontents
newpage
blinddocument             % dummy text including several headings for TOC
end{document}

scrkbase.sty    2012/07/29 v3.11b KOMA-Script package (KOMA-Script-dependent basics and keyval usage)
 scrbase.sty    2012/07/29 v3.11b KOMA-Script package (KOMA-Script-independent basics and keyval usage)

renewcommandlistingscaption{Code-Snippet}
renewcommandlistoflistingscaption{List of program codes}

addtocaptionsenglish{renewcommand{bibname}{References}}