add_filter( 'wp_nav_menu_objects', 'submenu_limit', 10, 2 );

function submenu_limit( $items, $args ) {

	if ( empty($args->menu_item_start) )
		return $items;

	$parent_ids = wp_filter_object_list( $items, array( 'menu_item_parent' => 0 ), 'and', 'ID' );

	if( !empty( $parent_ids ) ){

		$menu_item_end = ( isset( $args->menu_item_end ) ) ? (int) $args->menu_item_end : count( $parent_ids );
		$total = ($menu_item_end) - ((int) $args->menu_item_start);
		$range_parent_ids = array_slice( (array) $parent_ids, ($args->menu_item_start)-1, $total+1, true );

		if( !empty( $range_parent_ids ) ) {
			$return_items = array();
			foreach ( $range_parent_ids as $parent_id ) {

				$return_items[] = $parent_id;
				$children = submenu_get_children_ids( $parent_id, $items );

				if( !empty($children) ) {
					$return_items = array_merge( $return_items, $children );
				}

			}

			foreach( $items as $key => $item ){
				if( !in_array( $item->ID, $return_items ) ){
					unset( $items[$key] );
				}
			}

		} // if !empty($range_parent_ids)
	} // if !empty($parent_ids)

	return $items;
}

function submenu_get_children_ids( $id, $items ) {

	$ids = wp_filter_object_list( $items, array( 'menu_item_parent' => $id ), 'and', 'ID' );
	foreach ( $ids as $id ) {
		$ids = array_merge( $ids, submenu_get_children_ids( $id, $items ) );
	}

	return $ids;
}