<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item
        android:id="@+id/menu_settings"
        android:orderInCategory="100"
        android:showAsAction="never"
        android:title="@string/action_settings"/>
</menu>

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_fragment, menu);
    return true;
}
private void showDetail(long id) {
    // Replace the fragment
    getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
                               .replace(R.id.fragmentContainer,
                                        DetailFragment.newInstance(id))
                               .addToBackStack(null)
                               .commit();
}

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item
        android:id="@+id/menu_item_new"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_add"
        android:orderInCategory="2"
        android:showAsAction="always"
        android:title="New"/>
</menu>

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                         Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    /** ... */
    setHasOptionsMenu(true);
    /** ... */
}
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
    inflater.inflate(R.menu.fragment_list, menu);
}

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item
        android:id="@+id/menu_item_edit"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_edit"
        android:orderInCategory="1"
        android:showAsAction="always"
        android:title="@string/menu_strings_edit" />
</menu>

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                         Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    /** ... */
    setHasOptionsMenu(true);
    /** ... */
}
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
    inflater.inflate(R.menu.fragment_list_detail, menu);
}