Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Brittany is daydreaming in class when her instructor asks her a question. Brittany finds herself replaying in her “mind's ear” the instructor's last words, taking advantage of a process called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
echoic memory.
Correct Answer:	  
echoic memory.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Research has shown that different aspects of a single memory are stored:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
in different places in the brain.
Correct Answer:	  
in different places in the brain.
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Sensation and perception:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
are related but separate processes.
Correct Answer:	  
are related but separate processes.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
After practicing how to tie her shoes for months with her mother, Sara can now easily tie her shoes by herself without purposely thinking about the steps. This capability is an example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
procedural memory.
Correct Answer:	  
procedural memory.
Question 5
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
The tendency to reconstruct the past according to what is believed or known today is:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
change bias.
Correct Answer:	  
consistency bias.
Question 6
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
A mother tells her teenage son to turn down his music. The son tells his mom that he will do so and turns the volume down slightly. A minute later, the mother cannot tell that her son complied with her request, and so she yells at him. Apparently, the decrease in volume did not meet the mother's:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
absolute threshold.
Correct Answer:	  
difference threshold.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When recalling the morning of September 11, 2001, Rob is able to describe in great detail what he was doing and saying at the moment the principal of his middle school opened the classroom door to advise the class to turn on the television. Rob's ability to describe the day's events in such great detail is an example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
flashbulb memory.
Correct Answer:	  
flashbulb memory.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
There are two types of explicit memory, ________ memory, which is for facts and knowledge, and ________ memory for experienced events.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
semantic; episodic
Correct Answer:	  
semantic; episodic
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Courtney is called to the witness stand to testify as an eyewitness against a man accused of first-degree murder. The lawyer interrogating her asks a series of questions about the alleged murderer. The lawyer throws in a question, asking Courtney to describe the tattoo on the left shoulder of the accused man. This question is false—there is no tattoo. The lawyer is using the question to try to discredit Courtney, who says that the tattoo was small and hard to see in detail. The most likely reason for Courtney's mistake is:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
suggestibility.
Correct Answer:	  
suggestibility.
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Steven asked me a question while we were eating dinner at the dining hall. Just after he finished asking the question, my attention was distracted by Thomas, who stood up, walked to the dessert area, and came back with my favorite cheesecake. While I was looking at Thomas's plate, I turned back to Steven. However, I no longer could remember what he asked me just 45 seconds earlier. The reason I could no longer remember was probably that the memory was lost from the ________ memory store because I was not able to ________ the information.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
short-term; rehearse
Correct Answer:	  
short-term; rehearse
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Robert, a successful businessman, was driving to work one day when he was in a terrible car accident. He now cannot remember any new pieces of information for more than a few seconds. However, he is able to remember everything before the accident perfectly clearly. Robert's condition is an example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
anterograde amnesia.
Correct Answer:	  
anterograde amnesia.
Question 12
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Which of the following is not a reason why sensory adaptation is a useful process?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
An unchanging stimulus is less likely to require immediate action.
Correct Answer:	  
Stimuli that change frequently usually are of no consequence and therefore not important to sense.
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A psychologist is questioning Hunter about his childhood memories. Hunter is telling the psychologist the story of his favorite Christmas present, a trip to Disneyland. His memories of the present and the trip itself are very clear; however, Hunter believes that the present came from his Uncle Charley, when in fact it was from his Aunt Bertha. This type of error in memory is known as:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
misattribution.
Correct Answer:	  
misattribution.
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The absolute threshold is the:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
minimal intensity needed to just barely detect a stimulus.
Correct Answer:	  
minimal intensity needed to just barely detect a stimulus.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Chad recalls that Jack the Ripper was a serial killer who terrorized London in 1888, but he has no idea if he originally learned this information from a book, a television show, a movie, or a story from another person. Chad is experiencing a failure of ________ memory.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
source
Correct Answer:	  
source
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Hafa just completed a course in calculus. Based on knowledge about the curve of forgetting, we can predict that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
most of what Hafa will forget about calculus will occur shortly after completing the course.
Correct Answer:	  
most of what Hafa will forget about calculus will occur shortly after completing the course.
Question 17
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Sensation occurs:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
when the brain interprets a perception.
Correct Answer:	  
as the body interacts with the physical world.
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The process of organization, identification, and interpretation of a sensation in order to form a mental representation is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
perception.
Correct Answer:	  
perception.
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The process of converting physical signals from the environment into neural signals sent to the central nervous system is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
transduction.
Correct Answer:	  
transduction.
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Danielle is playing Trivial Pursuit and is asked to name the seven castaways on the Gilligan's Island TV show. She names all but one. She feels sure she knows the name and thinks the first initial is G, but she cannot come up with the answer. Danielle is experiencing:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.
Correct Answer:	  
tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
According to Shelley Taylor, the female response to stress is to ________, whereas the male response more often is ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
tend-and-befriend; fight-or-flight
Correct Answer:	  
tend-and-befriend; fight-or-flight
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
After Sally was raped, she had recurring nightmares of the event and began to avoid men. She received a diagnosis of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
post-traumatic stress disorder.
Correct Answer:	  
post-traumatic stress disorder.
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
After working for 15 years as an emergency room technician, Ralph is physically, mentally, and emotionally exhausted. Ralph probably suffers from:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
burnout.
Correct Answer:	  
burnout.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Bea was under a great deal of stress at work, and her health had started to suffer. Her doctor treated her using ________; Bea had sensors attached to various parts of her body and watched her vital signs on a computer screen until she learned to relax.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
biofeedback
Correct Answer:	  
biofeedback
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Because Estevan had studied well ahead of time, he regarded the final exam as a(n) ________ instead of a ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
challenge; threat
Correct Answer:	  
challenge; threat
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Chronic stressors ________ the immune system.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
wear down
Correct Answer:	  
wear down
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In order to avoid burnout, people in high-stress jobs would be advised to do any of the following EXCEPT:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
arrive at work an hour early to be better prepared for daily challenges.
Correct Answer:	  
arrive at work an hour early to be better prepared for daily challenges.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Meditation, prayer, and yoga have elements in common with:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
relaxation therapy.
Correct Answer:	  
relaxation therapy.
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Stress is to a ________ as a stressor is to a ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
response; stimulus
Correct Answer:	  
response; stimulus
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Susan's husband took her to the doctor because she woke up unable to see. After exhaustive tests, the physician found nothing physically wrong. After a few months, Susan regained her sight. She had likely been suffering from:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
conversion disorder.
Correct Answer:	  
conversion disorder.
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Suzanne Kobasa studied a group of stress-resistant business executives, suggesting that they shared a trait she called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
hardiness.
Correct Answer:	  
hardiness.
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The ________ refers to an emotional and physiological reaction to an emergency that increases our readiness for action.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
fight-or-flight response
Correct Answer:	  
fight-or-flight response
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The behavior pattern characterized by a tendency toward easily aroused anger, impatience, a sense of urgency, and competition is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Type A.
Correct Answer:	  
Type A.
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The phase of the general adaptation syndrome in which the body uses energy to draw on its stores of fat and muscle is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
alarm.
Correct Answer:	  
alarm.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Those who react with ________ to stress are most likely to develop premature heart disease.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
anger and hostility
Correct Answer:	  
anger and hostility
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
What makes a placebo effective is the:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
patient's belief that it will work.
Correct Answer:	  
patient's belief that it will work.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When faced with a stressor, people report that the level of stress is ________ when they ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
greatest; perceive that they cannot control stressful events
Correct Answer:	  
greatest; perceive that they cannot control stressful events
Question 18
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Which of the following people would be expected to have the lowest levels of anger, depression, and stress?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
James, who stretches for 5 minutes each morning upon waking
Correct Answer:	  
Julie, who walks briskly for 30 minutes five times per week
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Which of the following senior citizens is most likely to suffer from poor health?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
a man who does not exercise and who lives alone
Correct Answer:	  
a man who does not exercise and who lives alone
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Which of the following statements best fits the definition of reframing as a stress control technique?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Julie reduces her anxiety about public speaking by imagining that she is evaluating her audience.
Correct Answer:	  
Julie reduces her anxiety about public speaking by imagining that she is evaluating her audience.
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A behavioral therapy would treat an undesirable behavior by:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
decreasing the reinforcement for that behavior.
Correct Answer:	  
decreasing the reinforcement for that behavior.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A disorder or symptom that occurs as a result of the treatment itself is called a(n):
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
iatrogenic illness.
Correct Answer:	  
iatrogenic illness.
Question 3
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
A major complication involving combining medication and psychotherapy is that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
they often alter brain function in opposing ways.
Correct Answer:	  
it usually requires coordination among several mental health care providers.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Alfred Adler proposed that emotional conflicts often are the result of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
feelings of inferiority.
Correct Answer:	  
feelings of inferiority.
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
All of the following are major reasons that people use herbal products EXCEPT:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
documented effectiveness.
Correct Answer:	  
documented effectiveness.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
An ancient biological treatment for mental disorders, evidenced by holes in the skulls, was known as:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
trepanning.
Correct Answer:	  
trepanning.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Antipsychotic medications work well on ________ symptoms associated with schizophrenia but are less effective on ________ symptoms.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
positive; negative
Correct Answer:	  
positive; negative
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Audrey is suffering from depression that was triggered by a breakup with her boyfriend. She tells her therapist that no man will ever love her. Her therapist challenges the validity of her belief by stating that just because one person broke up with her doesn't mean that all of her relationships will fail. The therapist then has Audrey make a list of all the guys she knows who would probably go out with her on a date. To her surprise, Audrey is able to name a handful and realizes that her belief that no one will love her probably is distorted by the emotional pain from her breakup. Audrey's therapist is using:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
cognitive restructuring.
Correct Answer:	  
cognitive restructuring.
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Culturally determined symbols and myths present in the unconscious and shared by all persons is termed the:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
collective unconscious.
Correct Answer:	  
collective unconscious.
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Dr. Martin uses systematic desensitization to help persons overcome phobias, cognitive restructuring to help alleviate the symptoms of depression, and free association to help people gain insight into their unconscious. Dr. Martin takes a(n) ________ approach to psychotherapy.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
eclectic
Correct Answer:	  
eclectic
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In their interactions with clients, person-centered therapists are encouraged to demonstrate three basic qualities, ________, ________, and ________, in order for growth to occur.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
congruence; empathy; unconditional positive regard
Correct Answer:	  
congruence; empathy; unconditional positive regard
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Larry tends to descend into a depression beginning every December when the weather is cold and the sky is usually gray. He is likely suffering from ________; a possible treatment is ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
seasonal affective disorder; phototherapy
Correct Answer:	  
seasonal affective disorder; phototherapy
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Psychoanalysts use all the following methods to access the unconscious EXCEPT:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
desensitization.
Correct Answer:	  
desensitization.
Question 14
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Psychodynamic approaches to therapy emphasize ________; humanistic and existential approaches emphasize ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
unconscious drives; the effect of the past on current feelings
Correct Answer:	  
a negative view of human nature; a positive view
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Psychotherapy has a risk of being harmful. However, psychotherapists adhere to the ________ to minimize the risk of harm to their patients.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
APA Ethical Standards
Correct Answer:	  
APA Ethical Standards
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Scott is having relationship problems with his wife, Samantha. Scott's therapist directs Scott to pretend that Samantha is sitting in an empty chair across from him. Scott is instructed to say whatever he wants to say to Samantha. Then Scott must switch chairs, assume the role of Samantha, and provide her reply. Scott's therapist is using a ________ technique.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Gestalt
Correct Answer:	  
Gestalt
Question 17
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
The main reason why the practice of lobotomy ended was:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the publication of the Code of Ethics by the American Psychological Association.
Correct Answer:	  
the development of antipsychotic medication.
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Virtual reality therapy is a new therapy often used to treat:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
phobias.
Correct Answer:	  
phobias.
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Which of these treatments for psychological problems is most commonly associated with dangerous side effects?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
drug treatment
Correct Answer:	  
drug treatment
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
________ focuses only on the client's behavior and the situation, whereas ________ focuses on helping a client identify and correct distorted thinking.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Behavior therapy; cognitive therapy
Correct Answer:	  
Behavior therapy; cognitive therapy
Question 1
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
“You scratch my back and I'll scratch yours” illustrates the principle of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
social exchange.
Correct Answer:	  
reciprocal altruism.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A ________ is a simple shortcut or “rule of thumb.”
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
heuristic
Correct Answer:	  
heuristic
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Another term for correspondence bias is:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the fundamental attribution error.
Correct Answer:	  
the fundamental attribution error.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Customary standards for behavior that are widely shared by members of a culture are called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
norms.
Correct Answer:	  
norms.
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In the Milgram obedience studies, participants rarely obeyed the instructions when the:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
experimenter wasn't wearing a lab coat.
Correct Answer:	  
experimenter wasn't wearing a lab coat.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Inferences about the causes of people's behavior are termed:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
attributions.
Correct Answer:	  
attributions.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
People in a mob situation are more likely to stray from their own moral values, illustrating the phenomenon of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
deindividuation.
Correct Answer:	  
deindividuation.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Producers of TV comedy shows have sometimes used laugh tracks. These producers were subjecting viewers to:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
informational influence.
Correct Answer:	  
informational influence.
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Professor Anderson believes that Mary's failing grade on the examination was due to her having three other examinations that day. Professor Anderson is making a(n) ________ attribution.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
situational
Correct Answer:	  
situational
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Social behavior has evolved primarily:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
because it aids in survival and reproduction.
Correct Answer:	  
because it aids in survival and reproduction.
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The ________ motive states that we are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
hedonic motive
Correct Answer:	  
hedonic motive
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The disturbing state that arises when you recognize the inconsistency of your actions, attitudes, or beliefs is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
cognitive dissonance.
Correct Answer:	  
cognitive dissonance.
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The hypothesis that people stay in relationships as long as they perceive a favorable ratio of costs to benefits is known as:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
social exchange.
Correct Answer:	  
social exchange.
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The study of social behavior is best described as:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
studying how people interact with each other.
Correct Answer:	  
studying how people interact with each other.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The tendency to do what others are doing simply because they are doing it is:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
conformity.
Correct Answer:	  
conformity.
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The tendency to make situational attributions for our own behaviors while making dispositional attributions for the identical behavior of others is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the actor-observer effect.
Correct Answer:	  
the actor-observer effect.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When Jimmy was growing up, his parents frequently told him he was “no good” and wouldn't amount to anything. Jimmy grew up to be a bitter, angry, destructive adult. His parents said, “We always knew this would happen.” This result is an example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the self-fulfilling prophecy.
Correct Answer:	  
the self-fulfilling prophecy.
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When people's goals are thwarted, they often harm others. This phenomenon is referred to as:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the frustration-aggression hypothesis.
Correct Answer:	  
the frustration-aggression hypothesis.
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Which old proverb best describes the research findings concerning attraction?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
“Birds of a feather flock together.”
Correct Answer:	  
“Birds of a feather flock together.”
Question 20
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Which statement about aggression by women is TRUE?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Women are more likely than men to aggress in ways that cause psychological injury.
Correct Answer:	  
Women are more likely than males to aggress by causing social harm.
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Emily is working with a psychologist who focuses on Emily's positive characteristics and her potential for growth. To which type of orientation does this psychologist subscribe?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
humanistic
Correct Answer:	  
humanistic
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
At work, Christine's boss yelled at her. Christine came home from work and yelled at her kids. Which defense mechanism was Christine using?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
displacement
Correct Answer:	  
displacement
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The id operates on the ________ principle.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
pleasure
Correct Answer:	  
pleasure
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A key feature of projective techniques to assess personality is the use of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
ambiguous objects designed to elicit unique responses.
Correct Answer:	  
ambiguous objects designed to elicit unique responses.
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When Lisa received a paper with a D grade, she immediately told her friends (and herself) that it didn't matter because she had intended to drop the course all along. Which of the following defense mechanisms was Lisa using?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
rationalization
Correct Answer:	  
rationalization
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A ________ can be described as a relatively stable disposition to behave in a particular and consistent way.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
trait
Correct Answer:	  
trait
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Abby is a psychologist who studies personality. Which type of instrument would she most likely use in asking people about how they act or think in particular situations?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
self-report inventory
Correct Answer:	  
self-report inventory
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The ________ states that the personality differences between men and women result from cultural standards and expectations.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
social role theory
Correct Answer:	  
social role theory
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When her roommate asked Connie why she wasn't studying for a big test scheduled for the next day, Connie replied, “It doesn't make any difference whether I study or not. I just know I'll make a low grade because I have such bad luck.” It is likely that Connie has a(n):
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
external locus of control.
Correct Answer:	  
external locus of control.
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
________ is an active system struggling to control a lifetime of hidden memories, instincts, and desires.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
The dynamic unconscious
Correct Answer:	  
The dynamic unconscious
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In junior high school, Tyler really liked Jada and would have liked to date her. Instead, Tyler was mean to Jada and teased her. Which defense mechanism was Tyler using?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
reaction formation
Correct Answer:	  
reaction formation
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Freud thought people went through a series of distinct early life stages through which personality was formed. What were these stages called?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
psychosexual stages of development
Correct Answer:	  
psychosexual stages of development
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The ________ is a personality test that reveals underlying motives and concerns of respondents and how the respondents see the social world through the stories they create about ambiguous pictures of people.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Thematic Apperception Test
Correct Answer:	  
Thematic Apperception Test
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Which of the following statements about gender and personality is FALSE?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Men engage in more social relationship aggression (e.g., ignoring someone) than women.
Correct Answer:	  
Men engage in more social relationship aggression (e.g., ignoring someone) than women.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
All of the following are aspects of personality EXCEPT:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
sensing.
Correct Answer:	  
sensing.
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Psychoanalytic theory says that when a person's pleasure-seeking drives become psychologically stuck, or arrested, at a particular psychosexual stage, they are:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
fixated.
Correct Answer:	  
fixated.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Presented as a continuum, which of these Big Five personality factor ranges from worried to calm?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
neuroticism
Correct Answer:	  
neuroticism
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Defense mechanisms are ________ because they ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
useful; help us overcome anxiety
Correct Answer:	  
useful; help us overcome anxiety
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
According to Freud, a different bodily region dominates the child's subjective experience during each stage of development. He called this region a(n):
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
erotogenic zone.
Correct Answer:	  
erotogenic zone.
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
According to Freud, personality is largely determined by:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
interactions between the id, ego, and superego.
Correct Answer:	  
interactions between the id, ego, and superego.
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Daniel does not communicate well with others. As a result, he has few friends and does not understand the emotions of others. Although he has profound social deficits, his score on a standardized intelligence test was in the normal range. Daniel probably has which of the following disorders?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
autism
Correct Answer:	  
autism
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In the strange situation, 1-year-old Mei Ling mildly protests her mother's departure, seeks interaction with her mother when the two are reunited, and is readily comforted by her mother. Mei Ling is showing a(n) ________ attachment style.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
secure
Correct Answer:	  
secure
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
About ________ percent of the growth of the brain occurs outside of the womb.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
75
Correct Answer:	  
75
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Which of the following is NOT one of the three fundamental skills that allow children to learn from others?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
assimilation
Correct Answer:	  
assimilation
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
According to John Bowlby, babies are born with behaviors such as crying, smiling, and cooing in order to:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
make it more likely that the primary caregiver remains close to them.
Correct Answer:	  
make it more likely that the primary caregiver remains close to them.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Anthony is able to think about “what might be,” not only about “what is.” According to Piaget, Anthony is in which stage of cognitive development?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
formal operational
Correct Answer:	  
formal operational
Question 7
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Babies whose mothers smoke tobacco during pregnancy are more likely to have all of these EXCEPT:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
perceptual problems.
Correct Answer:	  
distinctive facial features.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Beatriz is 2 years old; when her brother tells her to hide, she covers her face with a blanket. This is a good example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
egocentrism.
Correct Answer:	  
egocentrism.
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Five-year-old Latoya watches her father place a ball in each of six bowls. She agrees that there are just as many balls as bowls. Her father then removes the balls and spreads them out in a row that extends beyond the row of bowls. Latoya says there are now more balls than bowls. According to Piaget, Latoya lacks the concept of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
conservation.
Correct Answer:	  
conservation.
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
For Lawrence Kohlberg, moral development unfolds in the following sequence: emphasis on ________, then emphasis on ________, and finally, emphasis on ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
consequences; social roles; ethical principles
Correct Answer:	  
consequences; social roles; ethical principles
Question 11
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Harry Harlow found that the social and cognitive deficits exhibited by monkeys raised in isolation for their first six months of life:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
were evident in monkeys raised with a wire mother surrogate but not in monkeys raised with a terry-cloth mother surrogate.
Correct Answer:	  
were severe and long-lasting.
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
How do researchers know that infants can tell the difference between a physically impossible and physically possible event?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Infants will stare longer at the impossible event than the possible event.
Correct Answer:	  
Infants will stare longer at the impossible event than the possible event.
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In Piaget's view, ________ are theories about or models of the way the world works.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
schemas
Correct Answer:	  
schemas
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Infants learn to control their elbows and knees before their hands and feet, which illustrates the ________ rule.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
proximodistal
Correct Answer:	  
proximodistal
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Isabel, a newborn, turns her head toward a stimulus that strokes her cheek. Isabel is showing the ________ reflex.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
rooting
Correct Answer:	  
rooting
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Isabel, who just had her first birthday, sees a butterfly and exclaims, “Bird!” “No, that's a butterfly,” says her grandmother. The next time Isabel sees a butterfly, she says, “Butterfly!” According to Piaget, Isabel has just shown:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
accommodation.
Correct Answer:	  
accommodation.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Jack is an infant who loves to play peek-a-boo with his father. He seems amazed that his father “reappears” after hiding his face behind his hands. Jack probably enjoys peek-a-boo because he does not yet understand:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
object permanence.
Correct Answer:	  
object permanence.
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Maria and Carlos purchase a mobile for their newborn's crib to keep his attention. After a period of time, the infant may stop paying attention to the mobile. This is an example of which of the following processes?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
habituation
Correct Answer:	  
habituation
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The word teratogen refers to the:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
agent that can damage the process of development.
Correct Answer:	  
agent that can damage the process of development.
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Two-year-old Peter has short eye openings, a flat midface, an indistinct ridge under his nose, and a thin upper lip. An alert pediatrician is likely to diagnose:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
fetal alcohol syndrome.
Correct Answer:	  
fetal alcohol syndrome.
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Men typically outscore women on tests that involve:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
spatial memory.
Correct Answer:	  
spatial memory.
Question 2
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Intelligence scores among identical twins are ________ correlated when the twins are raised in the same household, and are ________ correlated when the twins are separated at birth and raised in different households.
Answer
Selected Answer:	   [None Given]
Correct Answer:	  
strongly; strongly
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Suzie displays the mental ability typical of a 6-year-old child. Therefore, her mental age is:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
6.
Correct Answer:	  
6.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Robert Sternberg suggested that there are three kinds of intelligence, which include all of the following EXCEPT:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
emotional intelligence.
Correct Answer:	  
emotional intelligence.
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Research suggests the reason why first-born children have higher IQs than their siblings is that first-born children:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
have exclusive access to their parents' child-rearing until siblings are born.
Correct Answer:	  
have exclusive access to their parents' child-rearing until siblings are born.
Question 6
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Studies suggest that practical, analytic, and creative intelligence are:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
very highly related to each other.
Correct Answer:	  
independent of each other.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Deanna has an intelligence score of 98. At 10 years of age, she is a classically trained professional singer performing in opera houses around the world. It is likely that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Deanna is a prodigy.
Correct Answer:	  
Deanna is a prodigy.
Question 8
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
The two-factor theory of intelligence predicts a ________ correlation between solving algebra problems and musical ability.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
perfect
Correct Answer:	  
positive
Question 9
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
In the three-level hierarchy of intelligence tests, ________ is/are at the top, ________ is/are in the middle, and ________ is/are at the bottom.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
group factors; general factor; specific factors
Correct Answer:	  
general factor; group factors; specific factors
Question 10
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Modern intelligence tests:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
remain highly culturally biased.
Correct Answer:	  
have few, if any, questions with a clear cultural bias.
Question 11
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Intelligence tests measure:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the correlation between the ability to answer questions and perform tasks and intelligence.
Correct Answer:	  
the ability to answer questions and perform tasks that are highly correlated with the consequences of intelligence.
Question 12
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Alfred Binet believed that, over the lifetime, intelligence:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
tended to reliably increase.
Correct Answer:	  
could be altered based on experiences.
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The ability to apply and implement solutions in everyday settings is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
practical intelligence.
Correct Answer:	  
practical intelligence.
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Deshawn has an English test where he has to provide the definitions of vocabulary words. This test requires ________ intelligence.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
crystallized
Correct Answer:	  
crystallized
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Poverty experienced during ________ will be most likely to have deleterious effects on intelligence.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
early childhood
Correct Answer:	  
early childhood
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Asian and African cultures are more likely than Western cultures to include ________ in their conceptualization of intelligence.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
social cooperativeness
Correct Answer:	  
social cooperativeness
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The Flynn Effect predicts that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
people probably will have higher intelligence scores than their grandparents.
Correct Answer:	  
people probably will have higher intelligence scores than their grandparents.
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Rose has an intelligence score of 70, but has a remarkable memory for musical performance even when she hears them for the first time. It is likely that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Rose is a savant.
Correct Answer:	  
Rose is a savant.
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Which of the following is a FALSE statement about emotionally intelligent people?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
They exhibit high levels of neural activity when engaged in recognizing facial expressions.
Correct Answer:	  
They exhibit high levels of neural activity when engaged in recognizing facial expressions.
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The first intelligence test was developed in order to:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
identify children who needed remedial education.
Correct Answer:	  
identify children who needed remedial education.
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A survival strategy used by our ancestors to avoid starvation was:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
storing excess calories as fat.
Correct Answer:	  
storing excess calories as fat.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
According to Abraham Maslow, ________ needs are the first to be satisfied, while ________ needs are the last.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
physiological; self-actualization
Correct Answer:	  
physiological; self-actualization
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
According to Gestalt psychologists, insights reflect:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
a spontaneous restructuring of a problem.
Correct Answer:	  
a spontaneous restructuring of a problem.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
America's most pernicious and pervasive eating-related problem is:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
obesity.
Correct Answer:	  
obesity.
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Amir is of the Islamic faith. According to the mortality-salience hypothesis, if reminded of the inevitability of his own physical death, Amir probably will:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
grow stronger in the Islamic faith.
Correct Answer:	  
grow stronger in the Islamic faith.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
An internal state generated by departures from physiological optimality is called a(n):
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
drive.
Correct Answer:	  
drive.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Because he is a hopeless romantic, Chad buys his wife a single red rose for no particular reason while grocery shopping. Realizing that he doesn't own a vase, he also buys the only one the supermarket has in stock, which is rather expensive. Upon coming home, his wife says, “Thanks for the rose, but is the vase really necessary? We can just put it in one of your many empty wine bottles that litter the kitchen.” Chad's failure to realize that a wine bottle can serve as a makeshift, yet romantic, vase is an example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
functional fixedness.
Correct Answer:	  
functional fixedness.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Existential terror deals with the:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
inevitability of death.
Correct Answer:	  
inevitability of death.
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Gisela is anorexic. It is likely that she can be described by all the following EXCEPT:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
“impulsive.”
Correct Answer:	  
“impulsive.”
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Items that are more accessible in memory are judged as having occurred more frequently. This mindbug of decision making is called the:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
availability bias.
Correct Answer:	  
availability bias.
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Mark puts in long hours studying for his psychology tests. He already has an A in the course, but he really has a desire to know the material well. Mark's behavior is characteristic of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
intrinsic motivation.
Correct Answer:	  
intrinsic motivation.
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Paul is deep in credit card debt. His goal state is to be debt-free, but he doesn't have nearly enough money to pay off his debt at the moment. According to a means-end analysis, Paul should:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
take small steps to move from his current situation to one that is closer to his end goal; by meeting small goals, eventually he will be debt-free.
Correct Answer:	  
take small steps to move from his current situation to one that is closer to his end goal; by meeting small goals, eventually he will be debt-free.
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
People who frequently engage in risky behaviors are extremely insensitive to the ________ of their behavior.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
future consequences
Correct Answer:	  
future consequences
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Research suggests that, all else being equal, ________ tends to be more powerful than ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
avoidance motivation; approach motivation
Correct Answer:	  
avoidance motivation; approach motivation
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Shannon has been married for 20 years. She feels miserable in her marriage but refuses to consider getting a divorce; she feels that a divorce would completely waste all of the hard work she has put into making the marriage work for 20 years. Shannon's line of reasoning best illustrates the:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
sunk-cost fallacy.
Correct Answer:	  
sunk-cost fallacy.
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Some school districts across the United States are considering paying children to attend school. This strategy is likely to ________ because ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
fail; it makes an intrinsic activity into an extrinsic activity
Correct Answer:	  
fail; it makes an intrinsic activity into an extrinsic activity
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Tom is considering moving to a new city. He reads that the employment rate in that city is 90%, which he thinks is very favorable. Ted is considering moving to the same city, but he reads that the unemployment rate is 10%, which he thinks is unacceptably high. Why would Tom and Ted reach such different conclusions based on the same statistics?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Tom received information that was framed in a favorable way, whereas Ted received the exact same information but framed in an unfavorable way.
Correct Answer:	  
Tom received information that was framed in a favorable way, whereas Ted received the exact same information but framed in an unfavorable way.
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When presented with a problem, the first step in means-ends analysis is to:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
analyze the final goal state that you would like to achieve.
Correct Answer:	  
analyze the final goal state that you would like to achieve.
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When we solve a problem by finding a similar problem with a known solution (and then apply it), we are engaged in:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
analogical problem solving.
Correct Answer:	  
analogical problem solving.
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
________ are “mental shortcuts” that may or may not be effective, whereas ________ are well-defined rules that guarantee a solution to a problem.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Heuristics; algorithms
Correct Answer:	  
Heuristics; algorithms
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When a neutral stimulus evokes a response after being paired with a stimulus that naturally evokes a response, the result is an example of which of the following phenomena?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
classical conditioning
Correct Answer:	  
classical conditioning
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When your 3-year-old sister threw a tantrum over the candy she wanted, your mother gave it to her so that she would calm down. Although counterproductive in the long-run, in that moment, your mother's behavior was being ________ by ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
negatively reinforced; the end of the tantrum
Correct Answer:	  
negatively reinforced; the end of the tantrum
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A shy and timid child works up the courage to raise his hand to answer a question. The teacher calls on him and the child delivers an excellent answer. The teacher exclaims, “That is the best answer I have heard all week! Great job! Come up to the front of the room to get a sticker!” Unfortunately, the child found all of this attention unpleasant, and no longer answers questions in class. His behavior of answering questions was:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
positively punished.
Correct Answer:	  
positively punished.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Molly's mail carrier delivers the mail promptly at noon each day. Molly never checks her mailbox in the morning, but always checks it at 12:05 p.m. Molly's mail carrier has her on what kind of schedule?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
fixed interval
Correct Answer:	  
fixed interval
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A type of learning in which the consequences of an organism's behavior determine whether or not it will be repeated is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
operant conditioning.
Correct Answer:	  
operant conditioning.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Reinforcers ________ and punishers ________ the future probability of the behavior that led to these respective consequences.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
increase; decrease
Correct Answer:	  
increase; decrease
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Extinction in operant conditioning involves:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
no longer presenting the reinforcer when the response occurs.
Correct Answer:	  
no longer presenting the reinforcer when the response occurs.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The tendency of a learned behavior to recover from extinction after a rest period is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
spontaneous recovery.
Correct Answer:	  
spontaneous recovery.
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Positive reinforcers ________ and negative reinforcers ________ the future probability of the behavior that led to these respective consequences.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
increase; increase
Correct Answer:	  
increase; increase
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When your dog's veterinarian advised you to feed your dog in the morning instead of in the evening, it took several days for your dog to stop salivating late in the afternoon as you stirred around in the kitchen. This is an example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
extinction.
Correct Answer:	  
extinction.
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Billy Bob's Big Burger Barn is your favorite restaurant, and lately you've noticed that every time you walk by there on your way to class, your mouth starts to salivate. In this incidence of classical conditioning, the sight of the restaurant is the ________; your salivation is the ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
CS; CR
Correct Answer:	  
CS; CR
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When external rewards undermine the intrinsic satisfaction of performing a behavior, the ________ is operating.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
overjustification effect
Correct Answer:	  
overjustification effect
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In his experiment with Little Albert, one of John Watson's goals was to show that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
fear can be learned by means of classical conditioning.
Correct Answer:	  
fear can be learned by means of classical conditioning.
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
B. F. Skinner believed that superstitions:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
resulted from the unintended reinforcement of inconsequential behavior.
Correct Answer:	  
resulted from the unintended reinforcement of inconsequential behavior.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Slot machines pay off on schedules that are determined by the random number generator that controls the play of the machine. For example, on average, the machine might pay off every 100 pulls, but sometimes two pulls are required and sometimes several hundred pulls are required. Slot machines are a real-world example of a ________ schedule.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
variable ratio
Correct Answer:	  
variable ratio
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A parent spanked a child for misbehaving, and the misbehavior stopped. By definition, the spanking served as a ________ for the misbehavior.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
positive punisher
Correct Answer:	  
positive punisher
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The learning process involves the ________ of new knowledge, skills, or responses as a function of ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
acquisition; experience
Correct Answer:	  
acquisition; experience
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Not only did Little Albert learn to fear white rats, he also cried when presented with a Santa Claus mask or a seal-fur coat. This behavior was the result of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
stimulus generalization.
Correct Answer:	  
stimulus generalization.
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Tammy ate raw oysters for the first time and, four hours later, became extremely sick to her stomach. Now, the smell of oysters makes her stomach queasy. What is the CR?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
stomach queasiness at the smell of oysters
Correct Answer:	  
stomach queasiness at the smell of oysters
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In second-order conditioning, what is the US?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
a previously established CS
Correct Answer:	  
a previously established CS
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
As a newly graduated registered nurse, Monica works the night shift. Her struggle to stay alert at work is probably due to an interruption of her usual:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
circadian rhythm.
Correct Answer:	  
circadian rhythm.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The most commonly reported sleep disorder is:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
insomnia.
Correct Answer:	  
insomnia.
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The primary problem with Freud's approach to dream analysis is that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the latent content of a dream can be interpreted in many ways.
Correct Answer:	  
the latent content of a dream can be interpreted in many ways.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In the middle of a conversation, your friend suddenly falls deeply asleep. When he awakens, he informs you that this has happened on several occasions when he becomes excited. Your friend probably has a disorder known as:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
narcolepsy.
Correct Answer:	  
narcolepsy.
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
________ is a sleep disorder associated with an interruption in breathing for short periods of time.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Sleep apnea
Correct Answer:	  
Sleep apnea
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A criticism of Freud's interpretations of Freudian slips is that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
they reflect the after-the-fact interpretation of the listener, instead of the thoughts of the speaker.
Correct Answer:	  
they reflect the after-the-fact interpretation of the listener, instead of the thoughts of the speaker.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Which of the following statements about sleepwalking is TRUE?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Sleepwalkers can hurt themselves while walking.
Correct Answer:	  
Sleepwalkers can hurt themselves while walking.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The four basic properties of consciousness are:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
intentionality, unity, selectivity, and transience.
Correct Answer:	  
intentionality, unity, selectivity, and transience.
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Freud described the ________ as an active system encompassing a lifetime of hidden memories, a person's deepest instincts and desires, and that person's inner struggle to control these forces.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
dynamic unconscious
Correct Answer:	  
dynamic unconscious
Question 10
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Katie is in the school gym talking to a group of her friends. All of a sudden, her attention is diverted to another group of people talking in the opposite corner of the gym when someone mentions her name in their conversation. This is an example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
dichotic listening.
Correct Answer:	  
the cocktail party phenomenon.
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Disapproving of her friend Amy's fiancé, Mindy told her boyfriend that she dreaded going to Amy's funeral when she meant to say “Amy's wedding.” This speech error is an example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
a Freudian slip.
Correct Answer:	  
a Freudian slip.
Question 12
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
REM sleep deprivation results in:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
difficulty processing new information and hyposensitivity to pain.
Correct Answer:	  
memory problems and excessive aggression.
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Jenny is trying to study for her psychology exam while listening to her favorite music on the radio. She feels distracted and doesn't understand why. The inability to study and listen to music simultaneously is an example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the unity of consciousness.
Correct Answer:	  
the unity of consciousness.
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Jeremy did not recall that he had been abused as a child until he was 35 years old. This is an example of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
repression.
Correct Answer:	  
repression.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Six-year-old Jake awakened from stage 4 sleep with signs of intense arousal, including a racing pulse, rapid respiration, and powerful feelings of fear. Jake has probably experienced:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
night terrors.
Correct Answer:	  
night terrors.
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A form of experience that departs significantly from the normal subjective experience of the world and the mind is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
an altered state of consciousness.
Correct Answer:	  
an altered state of consciousness.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
________ influence consciousness by altering brain neurotransmission.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Psychoactive drugs
Correct Answer:	  
Psychoactive drugs
Question 18
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
The mental technique of thought suppression:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
is an unconscious technique.
Correct Answer:	  
is the conscious avoidance of a thought.
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Sometimes people experience sensations of falling ________, a phenomenon termed:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
while falling asleep; hypnic jerk.
Correct Answer:	  
while falling asleep; hypnic jerk.
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Patrick used to only have to drink 2 cups of coffee in the morning to feel energized. Now, 2 months later, Patrick needs 4 cups of coffee to feel the same amount of energy. Patrick is likely experiencing:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
drug tolerance.
Correct Answer:	  
drug tolerance.
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When walking home alone late one night, you are startled by a moving shadow that you glimpse out of the corner of your eye. The ________ division of the autonomic nervous system mobilizes your body's defenses. When you see that the shadow is just the neighbor's cat, the ________ division lessens your physiological arousal.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
sympathetic; parasympathetic
Correct Answer:	  
sympathetic; parasympathetic
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A(n) ________ is a drug that increases the action of a neurotransmitter.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
agonist
Correct Answer:	  
agonist
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Losing some areas of brain structure is incompatible with survival, ending basic life functions such as regulation of breathing and heart rate. For this reason, you may not survive damage to your:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
hindbrain.
Correct Answer:	  
hindbrain.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The flow of information within a neuron is ________, whereas the flow of information between neurons is ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
electrical; chemical
Correct Answer:	  
electrical; chemical
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
An electrical signal that is conducted along the length of a neuron's axon to a synapse is called a(n):
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
action potential.
Correct Answer:	  
action potential.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The gap between one neuron's axon and a dendrite or cell body of another neuron is part of the:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
synapse.
Correct Answer:	  
synapse.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In the age-old debate between the influences of nature vs. nurture on human behavior, the general consensus is that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
both nature and nurture are important determinants of human behavior.
Correct Answer:	  
both nature and nurture are important determinants of human behavior.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Boyd was jumped from behind by a group of attackers and was struck in the head. As a result of the attack, Boyd suffered from partial blindness even though his eyes were not physically damaged. Boyd most likely suffered damage to which cortical lobe?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
occipital
Correct Answer:	  
occipital
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
________ are cells in the nervous system that communicate with one another to perform information-processing tasks.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Neurons
Correct Answer:	  
Neurons
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
While Jane was running hot water for her son's bath, she touched the hot water pouring out and immediately pulled back her hand. This reaction resulted from activation of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
a spinal reflex.
Correct Answer:	  
a spinal reflex.
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Which type of neuron receives information from the external world and conveys this information to the brain?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
sensory neuron
Correct Answer:	  
sensory neuron
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The left brain hemisphere receives sensory input from the ________ and sends motor commands to the ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
right side of the body; right side of the body
Correct Answer:	  
right side of the body; right side of the body
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The ________ is the largest commissure connecting the two hemispheres of the brain.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
corpus callosum
Correct Answer:	  
corpus callosum
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex has more area devoted to processing:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
more sensitive areas of the body, like the mouth.
Correct Answer:	  
more sensitive areas of the body, like the mouth.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Paul Broca and Carl Wernicke provided some of the earliest evidence that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
there are separate areas of the brain for speech production and for speech comprehension.
Correct Answer:	  
there are separate areas of the brain for speech production and for speech comprehension.
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Every morning after a vigorous workout in which he swims laps at the local YMCA, Jim feels great. His aches and pains are reduced and his mood is elevated. This is probably due to the release of ________ in the brain.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
endorphins
Correct Answer:	  
endorphins
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The ________ releases hormones that direct the functions of many other glands in the body.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
pituitary gland
Correct Answer:	  
pituitary gland
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The communication chemicals that actually cross the synaptic gap between axons and dendrites are:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
neurotransmitters.
Correct Answer:	  
neurotransmitters.
Question 19
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
A copper wire is to wire insulation as a(n) ________ is to a(n) ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
myelin sheath; glial cell
Correct Answer:	  
axon; myelin sheath
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The ________ receive information; the ________ transmit information.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
dendrites; axons
Correct Answer:	  
dendrites; axons
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A reliable measure is one that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
tends to produce the same result whenever it is used to measure the same thing.
Correct Answer:	  
tends to produce the same result whenever it is used to measure the same thing.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A testable prediction derived from a theory is termed a(n):
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
hypothesis.
Correct Answer:	  
hypothesis.
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Dr. Sardonicus learned of a woman whose tongue turned a bright shade of green whenever she felt stressed. Although this is a rare event in the general population, Dr. Sardonicus nonetheless interviewed the woman at great length and made detailed observations about her behavior. Dr. Sardonicus was using ________ to gather data.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the case method
Correct Answer:	  
the case method
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
According to your textbook, what three things make people especially difficult to study?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
variability, reactivity, and complexity
Correct Answer:	  
variability, reactivity, and complexity
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The closer an experiment is to the real world, the more psychologists can claim it has:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
external validity.
Correct Answer:	  
external validity.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
What does the third-variable problem indicate?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Two of the variables are correlated with each other only because each is causally related to a third variable.
Correct Answer:	  
Two of the variables are correlated with each other only because each is causally related to a third variable.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
An experiment in which the true purpose is hidden from the researcher as well as from the participant is called a:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
double-blind experiment.
Correct Answer:	  
double-blind experiment.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Researchers wanted to see if adults were actually afraid of the dark by exposing them to different levels of light in a room while measuring their heart rates. In this experiment, what are the heart rates of the participants?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
dependent variable
Correct Answer:	  
dependent variable
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
People are difficult to study because they often behave differently when they know that they are being observed, a phenomenon known as:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
reactivity.
Correct Answer:	  
reactivity.
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
When aspects of a setting cause participants to behave the way they think an observer wants them to behave, the problem of ________ is present.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
demand characteristics
Correct Answer:	  
demand characteristics
Question 11
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
What is the best way to make it less likely that people will be influenced by demand characteristics?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
have them respond anonymously
Correct Answer:	  
keep them from knowing the true purpose of the observation
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The belief that accurate knowledge of the world requires observations of it is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
empiricism.
Correct Answer:	  
empiricism.
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A researcher wants to assess the effects of varying amounts of alcohol on ratings of perception of friendliness. Three groups of people are given either 1, 3, or 5 beers to drink. Three more groups of people are given either 1, 3, or 5 non-alcoholic beers to drink. Then, all participants are shown a series of pictures of people's faces and are asked to rank the perceived friendliness of each face on a scale from 1 to 10. In this experiment, the independent variable is:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the amount of alcohol consumed.
Correct Answer:	  
the amount of alcohol consumed.
Question 14
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
Which of the following statements about divulging the true purpose of an experiment is TRUE?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
The psychologist never has to divulge the true purpose of an experiment.
Correct Answer:	  
The psychologist must divulge the true purpose of the experiment after the person participates.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Research has shown that there is a correlation between the amount of violence a child sees on TV and the aggressiveness of the child's behavior. One explanation of this correlation is that children who watch a great deal of violence on television have a lack of adult supervision. This explanation is an example of what kind of correlation?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
third-variable
Correct Answer:	  
third-variable
Question 16
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
What is typically the ultimate goal of the experimental method?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
to observe as many events as possible in a domain of interest
Correct Answer:	  
to discover causal relationships between events
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding deception in psychological research?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Deception can never be used if it puts participants at risk of harm or pain.
Correct Answer:	  
Deception can never be used if it puts participants at risk of harm or pain.
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
In an experiment, researchers exposed half the children to 2 hours of violence on television every day for a month and made sure the other half saw no violence on television at all. At the end of the month, they measured the level of aggressiveness in the children. What is(are) the independent variable(s)?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
amount of violence watched on television
Correct Answer:	  
amount of violence watched on television
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
What is the main advantage of experimentation over correlation in determining causal relationships?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Experimentation offers the possibility of controlling for all potential third variables at once.
Correct Answer:	  
Experimentation offers the possibility of controlling for all potential third variables at once.
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Dr. Strangelove made it clear to his psychology students that if they didn't participate in his research, they would receive a failing grade. What ethical principle has Dr. Strangelove violated?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
freedom from coercion
Correct Answer:	  
freedom from coercion
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Some early philosophers believed that certain kinds of knowledge were innate or inborn, a theory known as:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
nativism.
Correct Answer:	  
nativism.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A temporary loss of cognitive or motor function, usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences, can be defined as:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
hysteria.
Correct Answer:	  
hysteria.
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
An approach that advocates that psychologists restrict themselves to the scientific study of objectively observable behavior is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
behaviorism.
Correct Answer:	  
behaviorism.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
A cognitive psychologist who studied the perceptual and cognitive errors of children in order to gain insight into the nature and development of the human mind was:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
Jean Piaget.
Correct Answer:	  
Jean Piaget.
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Dr. Jones touches specific bumps on a patient's skull and then indicates specific character traits for the patient, for example, “This patient is cautious.” Dr. Jones is engaging in:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
phrenology.
Correct Answer:	  
phrenology.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Freud emphasized that the problems of many patients could be traced to:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
effects of early childhood experiences that could not be remembered.
Correct Answer:	  
effects of early childhood experiences that could not be remembered.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Freud's view of human nature was largely ________, whereas the view of humanistic psychologists was largely ________.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
negative; positive
Correct Answer:	  
negative; positive
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Gestalt psychologists believed that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
Correct Answer:	  
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
If you are having trouble finding your cat, you may try shaking the can that contains his treats. The sound of the treats as you shake the can would be:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
a stimulus.
Correct Answer:	  
a stimulus.
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, is best known for:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
his experiments with salivating dogs.
Correct Answer:	  
his experiments with salivating dogs.
Question 11
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
John Watson was interested in how ________ controlled behavior and B. F. Skinner focused on how ________ controlled behavior.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
responses; reinforcers
Correct Answer:	  
stimuli prior to the response; consequences following the response
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Mariah is a teacher and believes that all her students have an inherent need to develop, grow, and reach their full potential. Mariah's beliefs are best characterized by which approach?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
humanism
Correct Answer:	  
humanism
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Nature is to nurture as nativism is to:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
experience.
Correct Answer:	  
experience.
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Psychology is the scientific study of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
mind and behavior.
Correct Answer:	  
mind and behavior.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Rats are more likely to form a smell-sickness association than a light-sickness association, demonstrating that:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
natural associations are formed more quickly than artificial associations.
Correct Answer:	  
natural associations are formed more quickly than artificial associations.
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Solomon Asch was a social psychologist whose research interests were shaped, in part, by:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
his experiences in Nazi Germany.
Correct Answer:	  
his experiences in Nazi Germany.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
The scientific study of mental processes, including perception, thought, memory, and reasoning, is called:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
cognitive psychology.
Correct Answer:	  
cognitive psychology.
Question 18
0 out of 1 points
Incorrect	
The unpredictable nature of results from introspection contributed to the decline of:
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
functionalism.
Correct Answer:	  
structuralism.
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
Using ________, Krings et al. (2000) demonstrated that the brains of professional piano plays were ________ active than novice players because both groups made finger movements like those involved in piano play.
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
fMRI; less
Correct Answer:	  
fMRI; less
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Correct	
What type of psychology explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive value of abilities that are preserved over time?
Answer
Selected Answer:	  
evolutionary psychology
Correct Answer:	  
evolutionary psychology