Super Metroid
Formulas by Brian to identify that you must have a specific upgrade.
Everything is 8-bit and everything below is in HEXADECIMAL
When you see "Ice = 2", it means Ice Beam ADDS 2 to the value.
These are necessary because multiple upgrades or bosses write to the same bits.

//////////Beams:
####-0x0009a8:
Ice = 2
Wave = 1
Spazer = 4
Plasma = 8
----Wave= >00, <=0f, !=02, !=04, !=06, !=0a, !=08, !=0c, !=0e
----Ice= >01, !=04, !=08, !=05, !=09, <=0f, !=0c, !=0d
----Spazer= >03, <=0f, !=09, !=0b, !=8, !=0a
----Plasma= >07, <=0f
0x0009a6 == 0x09 when Hyper Beam is active. It doesn't change 0x0009a8 at all, and 0x09 is NOT unique to Hyper Beam, so you can't rely on it.
0x09 can be active by equipping Plasma+Wave...

//////////Bosses:
####-0x00d82a:
Ridley = 1
Crocomire = 2
Golden Torizo = 4
----Ridley= >00, !=06, !=02, !=04
----Crocomire= >01, !=04, !=05
----Golden Torizo= >03

####-0x00d82c:
Draygon = 1
Botwoon = 2
----Draygon= >00, !=02
----Botwoon= >01

####-0x00d82b:
Phantoon = 1
....Apparently nothing else here.
Phantoon= >00, !=02
!=02 is there just incase something would happen to be there with Phantoon.
That something could not be another 1, because Phantoon is 1. 1+1=2, 1!=2. Can't be 2.

####-0x00d829:
Kraid = 1
Spore Spawn = 2
----Kraid= >00, !=02
----Spore Spawn= >01

####-0x00d828:
Bomb Torizo = 4
....Apparently nothing else here.
Bomb Torizo= >03

Mother Brain boss data is either not stored or just not in this area.

//////////Misc 1
####-0x0009a5:
Hi-Jump Boots = 1
Bomb = 10 (16 in decimal)
Speed Booster = 20 (32 in decimal)
Grappling Beam = 40 (64 in decimal)
X-Ray Scope = 80 (128 in decimal)
----Hi-Jump Boots= >00, !=10, !=20, !=30, !=40, !=50, !=60, !=70 !=80, !=90, !=a0, !=b0 !=c0, !=d0, !=e0, !=f0
----Bomb= >09, !=20, !=40, !=60, !=80, !=a0, !=c0, !=e0, !=21, !=41, !=61, !=81, !=a1, !=c1, !=e1
----Speed Booster= >19, !=40, !=50, !=80, !=90, !=c0, !=d0, !=41, !=51, !=81, !=91, !=c1, !=d1
----Grappling Beam= >39, !=80, !=90, !=a0, !=b0, !=81, !=91, !=a1, !=b1
----X-Ray Scope= >79

//////////Misc 2
####-0x0009a4:
Varia Suit = 1
Spring Ball = 2
Morphing Ball = 4
Screw Attack = 8
Gravity Suit = 20
----Varia Suit= >00, !=2, !=4, !=6, !=8, !=10, !=12, !=14, !=20, !=22, !=24, !=26, !=28, !=32, !=34
----Spring Ball= >01, !=4, !=5, !=8, !=9, !=12, !=13, !=20, !=21, !=24, !=25, !=28, !=29
----Morphing Ball= >03, !=8, !=9, !=10, !=11, !=20, !=21, !=22, !=23, !=28, !=29, !=30, !=31
----Screw Attack= >07, !=20, !=21, !=22, !=24, !=25, !=26, !=27
----Gravity Suit= >19