//Program to display special Characters on LCD using AVR Microcontroller (ATmega16)
/*
To display special character on LCD data
LCD DATA port----PORT B
ctrl port------PORT D
rs-------PD0
rw-------PD1
en-------PD2
 
using internal clock frequency 1MHz
 
*/
#include<avr/io.h>
#include<util/delay.h>
 
#define LCD_DATA PORTB //LCD data port
 
#define signal PORTD
#define en PD2 // enable signal
#define rw PD1 // read/write signal
#define rs PD0 // register select signal
 
void LCD_cmd(unsigned char cmd);
void init_LCD(void);
void LCD_write(unsigned char data);
void LCD_character();
 
int main()
{
DDRB=0xff;
DDRD=0x07;
init_LCD();
_delay_ms(50); // delay of 50 mili seconds
LCD_character();
return 0;
}
 
void init_LCD(void)
{
LCD_cmd(0x38); // initialization of 16X2 LCD in 8bit mode
_delay_ms(1);
 
LCD_cmd(0x01); // clear LCD
_delay_ms(1);
 
LCD_cmd(0x0E); // cursor ON
_delay_ms(1);
 
LCD_cmd(0x80); // ---8 go to first line and --0 is for 0th position
_delay_ms(1);
return;
}
 
void LCD_cmd(unsigned char cmd)
{
LCD_DATA=cmd;
ctrl =(0<<rs)|(0<<rw)|(1<<en);
_delay_ms(1);
ctrl =(0<<rs)|(0<<rw)|(0<<en);
_delay_ms(50);
return;
}
 
void LCD_write(unsigned char data)
{
LCD_DATA= data;
ctrl = (1<<rs)|(0<<rw)|(1<<en);
_delay_ms(1);
ctrl = (1<<rs)|(0<<rw)|(0<<en);
_delay_ms(50);  
return ;
}
 
void LCD_character()
{
LCD_cmd(64);  // Address where customized character is to be stored
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(14);
LCD_write(17);
LCD_write(2);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_cmd(0x80);  // Location of LCD where the character is to be displayed
LCD_write(0);  // Displaying the character created at address 0x64 
_delay_ms(10);
 
LCD_cmd(72);  // Address where customized character is to be stored
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(10);
LCD_write(21);
LCD_write(17);
LCD_write(18);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_cmd(0x82);  // Location of LCD where the character is to be displayed
LCD_write(1);  // Displaying the character created at address 0x72
_delay_ms(10);
 
LCD_cmd(80);  //Address where customized character is to be stored
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(10);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(14);
LCD_write(17);
LCD_cmd(0x84);  // Location of LCD where the character is to be displayed
LCD_write(2);  // Displaying the character created at address 0x80 
_delay_ms(10);
 
LCD_cmd(88);  //Address where customized character is to be stored
LCD_write(1);
LCD_write(3);
LCD_write(5);
LCD_write(9);
LCD_write(9);
LCD_write(11);
LCD_write(27);
LCD_write(24);
LCD_cmd(0x86);  // Location of LCD where the character is to be displayed
LCD_write(3);  // Displaying the character created at address 0x88 
_delay_ms(10);
 
LCD_cmd(96);  // Address where customized character is to be stored
CD_write(0);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(31);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_cmd(0xC0);  // location where the character is to be displayed
LCD_write(4);  // Display the character created at address 0x96 
_delay_ms(10);
 
LCD_cmd(104);  //Address where customized character is stored
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(17);
LCD_write(10);
LCD_write(17);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(14);
LCD_write(17);
LCD_cmd(0xC2);  // Location of LCD where the character is to be displayed
LCD_write(5);  // Display the character created at address 0x104 
_delay_ms(10);
 
LCD_cmd(112);  // Address where customized character is to be stored
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(14);
LCD_write(17);
LCD_write(2);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_cmd(0xC4);  // Location of LCD where the character is to be displayed
LCD_write(6);   // Display the character created at address 0x112 
_delay_ms(10);
 
LCD_cmd(120);  // Address where customized character is to be stored
LCD_write(10);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(4);
LCD_write(0);
LCD_write(14);
LCD_write(17);
LCD_write(17);
LCD_write(14);
LCD_cmd(0xC6);  // Location of LCD where the character is to be displayed
LCD_write(7);   // Display the character created at address 0x120
_delay_ms(10);
}