#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <iostream>

template <std::size_t W>
struct BV {
  std::uint32_t const value;

  template <std::size_t MSB, std::size_t LSB>
  constexpr
  BV<MSB-LSB+1> slice() const {
    static_assert(W>MSB && MSB>=LSB, "range error");

    constexpr std::size_t newWid{MSB-LSB+1};
    constexpr std::uint32_t mask{(1<<newWid)-1};
    return BV<newWid>{(value>>LSB)&mask};
  }
};

template <std::size_t V, std::size_t W>
constexpr
BV<V+W> concat_binary(BV<V> const& lhs, BV<W> const& rhs) {
  return BV<V+W>{(lhs.value<<W) + rhs.value};
}

constexpr
auto concat() {
  return BV<0>{0};
}

template <std::size_t W, typename... Ts>
constexpr
auto concat(BV<W> const& v, Ts... rest) {
  return concat_binary(v, concat(rest...));
}

int main() {
  std::cout << std::hex;

  constexpr BV<8> v0{0x58};
  std::cout << v0.value << std::endl;
  std::cout << v0.slice<7,4>().value << std::endl;
  std::cout << v0.slice<3,0>().value << std::endl;

  BV<0> mzero{concat()};
  std::cout << mzero.value << std::endl;

  auto v1{v0.slice<3,0>()};
  std::cout << concat(v1, v1, v0.slice<7,4>()).value << std::endl;

  return 0;
}