Mohammad Siddiqi

Chapter 16 ID Terms

North American Revolution: Successful rebellion against the British colonized in North America occurred because of the British government trying to extract wealth from the colonies, imposing unnecessary taxes to those in the colonies

French Revolution: Was influenced by the North American Revolution that occurred before; started by social inequality: the Third Estate (commoners) who rebelled against the French social hierarchy

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen: Related to French Revolution; declaration shortly made after the creation of the National Assembly; declaration says “men are born and remain free and equal in rights”

Napoleon Bonaparte: A highly successful general who seized power in France in 1799; kept revolution’s emphasis on social equality for men but dispensed with liberty; credited for preserving civil equality, religious freedom, and promotion by merit

Haitian Revolution: First successful slave rebellion in history; triggered by rumors that the French king had declared an end to slavery, burning 1,000 plantations and killed whites/mixed-race people; slaves had control and Toussaint Louverture, a former slave, made an excellent leader

Spanish American Revolutions: Spanish monarchy imposed heavier taxes (just like North America) for more power; many disorganized protests occurred, therefore delaying their independence by five decades until they were forced to take action when Napoleon invaded Spain and Portugal, deposing the Spanish king Ferdinand VII; they however never united due to geographical obstacles preventing communication and long distances between colonies

Abolitionist Movement: Movement that concentrated in giving slaves freedom; brought pressures on many countries’  governments to shut down slave trade and slavery itself

Nationalism: The focusing of citizens' loyalty on the notion that they are part of a "nation" with a unique culture, territory, and destiny; became an element of political culture

Vindication of the Right of Woman: Written by Mary Wollstonecraft in 1792; one of the earliest expressions of a feminist consciousness.



Maternal Feminism: Movement that claimed women have value in society not because of equality, but because women have a vital role as mothers; argued that women have the right to participate in civil and political life because of their duty to watch over the future of their children

Kartini: A Javanese women (1879-1904) from an elite background who has come to be regarded as a pioneer of both feminism and nationalism thinking in Indonesia